Legumes: Health Benefits and Culinary Approaches to Increase Intake

Much evidence supports the health benefits of consuming a plant-based diet and increasing the intake of legumes. A high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes (beans), nuts, and seeds is linked to significantly lower risks of heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, and type 2 diabetes (1,2). The American Diabetes Association’s nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with type 2 diabetes note that many eating patterns are acceptable for people with diabetes. Several diets, including the DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) and Mediterranean-style plans, although not strictly vegetarian, still promote increased intake of plant-based foods such as legumes and their associated health benefits (3). Although research supports the benefits of legume consumption, only ∼8% of U.S. adults report eating legumes on any given day (4). The purpose of this article is to highlight the research demonstrating the benefits of increasing legumes in the diet and to offer practical suggestions to aid health care providers in increasing their own legume intake and more confidently discussing such a goal with their patients.

Unlike with some other chronic conditions, individuals who have type 2 diabetes are responsible for providing up to 95% of their own care (5). One of the most challenging aspects of type 2 diabetes care is helping patients adopt healthier behaviors. When nutrition therapy is provided by a qualified professional, people can learn how to make better food choices to help improve their glycemic control, blood pressure, cholesterol, and BMI (6). In fact, medical nutrition therapy (MNT), as provided by a registered dietitian, has been shown to improve glycemic control outcomes and reduce health care costs to Medicare (7).

Recent literature demonstrates the benefit of augmenting this nutritional information with skills-based culinary education. Robust correlations exist between healthy food preparation skills and improved …